ILLUSTRATION AND PHOTOGRAPHS
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| Figure 1: View of the nasal sidewall structures - the inferior and middle turbinates. Longitudinal partial resection of the lower 1/3 of the left and the right inferior turbinates almost always produces lasting relief of long term nasal obstruction (and snoring and obstructive sleep apnea, when combined with UPPP). |
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Figure 2: Grunwald forceps provide for accurate millimeter by millimeter trim of the lower sidewall structures (the inferior turbinates). One third should be fine. The Number One Grunwald forcep is much more precise than the Knight Scissors, cryosurgical techniques (freezing), the laser, as well as a variety of electrosurgical techniques. |
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Figure 3: Patients with narrow (upper) dental arches almost always have advance nasal obstruction. However, nasal obstruction is not limited to patients with narrow dental arches. Allergies, nasal polyps, and septal deflections can also play a role in nasal obstruction. |
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Figure 4: The "lateral ceph" (lateral cephalometric radiograph) is invaluable in, a longitudinal manner, diagnosing and monitoring airway problems in children and teenagers who, because of chronic mouth breathing, (nemomuscular recruitment) are developing the long face syndrome. Many of these same youngsters have some degree of loud snoring and obstructive sleep apnea. And excessive daytime sleepiness. |
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Figure 5: Side view of a half skull showing the middle (above) and the inferior (below) turbinates. Trim of the lower 1/3 of each inferior turbinate combined with removal of polyps from the ethmoid air cell bloc (if polyps are present) usually will circumvent the need for "endoscopic sinus windows", e.g., once long term inferior turbinate congestion is relieved, the ethmoid polyps are unlikely to recur. |
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